Network Security Threats and Prevention Mechanisms in Computer Networks

Abstract

Network security is a critical component of modern information systems, ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data transmitted across computer networks. The rapid expansion of cloud computing, mobile technologies, remote work, and the Internet of Things has increased exposure to cyber threats such as malware, ransomware, phishing, denial-of-service attacks, man-in-the-middle attacks, insider threats, and unauthorized access. Organizations must adopt comprehensive security strategies that combine technical controls, security policies, user awareness, and continuous monitoring. This paper examines major network security threats, discusses prevention mechanisms, and highlights emerging trends in protecting modern computer networks.