Natural Language Processing and Its Applications in Intelligent Systems

Abstract

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a key branch of Artificial Intelligence that enables computers to understand, interpret, generate, and respond to human language. Advances in machine learning, deep learning, and transformer-based models have significantly improved language understanding, speech recognition, machine translation, sentiment analysis, question answering, and conversational AI. NLP has become an essential component of intelligent systems in healthcare, education, finance, e-commerce, customer service, cybersecurity, and social media analytics. Despite its rapid progress, challenges such as language ambiguity, multilingual processing, data privacy, computational costs, and ethical concerns remain. This paper discusses the concepts, techniques, applications, challenges, and future directions of NLP in intelligent systems.